闹钟的危害
Harm of Alarm Clocks
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An article about the health effects of alarm clocks on the human body.
41 new words
闹钟nàozhōngalarm clock
闹钟原本是人类为按时起床而设计的产品，现代社会也给它许多用途。
Alarm clocks were originally products that helped people get up on time, and modern society gives them many uses.
危害wēihàito harm, to jeopardize
这类危害相当明显：醒来以后看似已经下床，注意力却仍像停在梦里，甚至可能导致人到了夜里更容易失眠。
The effects can be quite clear: someone may look awake after getting up while their attention still feels trapped in a dream, and can even make it harder to fall asleep the following night.
人类rénlèihumankind
闹钟原本是人类为按时起床而设计的产品，现代社会也给它许多用途。
Alarm clocks were originally products that helped people get up on time, and modern society gives them many uses.
机制jīzhìmechanism
若铃声在深睡时把人拉过来，身体的机制可能还没有准备好。
If a bell pulls someone out of deep sleep, the body's mechanisms may not yet be ready.
生物shēngwùliving things
睡眠并非一片完全安静的黑暗，而是按照生物规律不断变化的过程。
Sleep is not a completely quiet darkness; it is a process that changes continuously according to biological rhythms.
规律guīlǜn./adj. law, regular pattern; regular
睡眠并非一片完全安静的黑暗，而是按照生物规律不断变化的过程。
Sleep is not a completely quiet darkness; it is a process that changes continuously according to biological rhythms.
光线guāngxiànlight, ray
有时人处在很浅的睡眠中，光线一亮就能清醒；有时却正在较深的阶段。
Sometimes a person is in light sleep and can wake as soon as the light appears; at other times the person is in a deeper stage.
必要bìyàoadj. necessary, essential
不过，铃声突然响起未必总是必要的好事。
Yet a bell that rings suddenly is not always a necessary good thing.
过渡guòdùto transit
研究人员在一项实验中对持续数周的记录进行计算和分析，发现这种过渡会让不少人心理一阵慌张，情绪也变得低落，记忆和精神也会被打乱。
Researchers analysed records lasting weeks and found that this transition can leave many people feeling panicked and low in mood, with their memory and energy disrupted.
浅qiǎnadj. shallow, light
有时人处在很浅的睡眠中，光线一亮就能清醒；有时却正在较深的阶段。
Sometimes a person is in light sleep and can wake as soon as the light appears; at other times the person is in a deeper stage.
现代xiàndàin./adj. modern times; modern
闹钟原本是人类为按时起床而设计的产品，现代社会也给它许多用途。
Alarm clocks were originally products that helped people get up on time, and modern society gives them many uses.
享受xiǎngshòuto enjoy
人们享受慢慢醒来的过程，所需的时间因人而异；选择什么方式，可以根据自己的规律，而不是把每一次铃声都当成命令。
People enjoy waking gradually, though the time needed differs from person to person; the method can follow one's own rhythm instead of treating every ring as an order.
用途yòngtúuse, purpose
闹钟原本是人类为按时起床而设计的产品，现代社会也给它许多用途。
Alarm clocks were originally products that helped people get up on time, and modern society gives them many uses.
实验shíyànv./n. to make an experiment; experiment
研究人员在一项实验中对持续数周的记录进行计算和分析，发现这种过渡会让不少人心理一阵慌张，情绪也变得低落，记忆和精神也会被打乱。
Researchers analysed records lasting weeks and found that this transition can leave many people feeling panicked and low in mood, with their memory and energy disrupted.
铃língbell
不过，铃声突然响起未必总是必要的好事。
Yet a bell that rings suddenly is not always a necessary good thing.
所suǒpart. used before a verb, which is the receiver of the action
人们享受慢慢醒来的过程，所需的时间因人而异；选择什么方式，可以根据自己的规律，而不是把每一次铃声都当成命令。
People enjoy waking gradually, though the time needed differs from person to person; the method can follow one's own rhythm instead of treating every ring as an order.
状态zhuàngtàistate, status
夜里，呼吸、心跳和脑部活动会进入不同状态。
At night, breathing, heart rate, and brain activity enter different states.
清醒qīngxǐngadj./v. sober; to regain consciousness
有时人处在很浅的睡眠中，光线一亮就能清醒；有时却正在较深的阶段。
Sometimes a person is in light sleep and can wake as soon as the light appears; at other times the person is in a deeper stage.
呼吸hūxīto breathe
夜里，呼吸、心跳和脑部活动会进入不同状态。
At night, breathing, heart rate, and brain activity enter different states.
心理xīnlǐmentality, psychology
研究人员在一项实验中对持续数周的记录进行计算和分析，发现这种过渡会让不少人心理一阵慌张，情绪也变得低落，记忆和精神也会被打乱。
Researchers analysed records lasting weeks and found that this transition can leave many people feeling panicked and low in mood, with their memory and energy disrupted.
慌张huāngzhāngadj. flurried, flustered
研究人员在一项实验中对持续数周的记录进行计算和分析，发现这种过渡会让不少人心理一阵慌张，情绪也变得低落，记忆和精神也会被打乱。
Researchers analysed records lasting weeks and found that this transition can leave many people feeling panicked and low in mood, with their memory and energy disrupted.
情绪qíngxùemotion, mood
研究人员在一项实验中对持续数周的记录进行计算和分析，发现这种过渡会让不少人心理一阵慌张，情绪也变得低落，记忆和精神也会被打乱。
Researchers analysed records lasting weeks and found that this transition can leave many people feeling panicked and low in mood, with their memory and energy disrupted.
低落dīluòadj. down, depressed
研究人员在一项实验中对持续数周的记录进行计算和分析，发现这种过渡会让不少人心理一阵慌张，情绪也变得低落，记忆和精神也会被打乱。
Researchers analysed records lasting weeks and found that this transition can leave many people feeling panicked and low in mood, with their memory and energy disrupted.
记忆jìyìv./n. to remember; memory
研究人员在一项实验中对持续数周的记录进行计算和分析，发现这种过渡会让不少人心理一阵慌张，情绪也变得低落，记忆和精神也会被打乱。
Researchers analysed records lasting weeks and found that this transition can leave many people feeling panicked and low in mood, with their memory and energy disrupted.
计算jìsuànto calculate, to compute
研究人员在一项实验中对持续数周的记录进行计算和分析，发现这种过渡会让不少人心理一阵慌张，情绪也变得低落，记忆和精神也会被打乱。
Researchers analysed records lasting weeks and found that this transition can leave many people feeling panicked and low in mood, with their memory and energy disrupted.
相当xiāngdāngto be equal to
这类危害相当明显：醒来以后看似已经下床，注意力却仍像停在梦里，甚至可能导致人到了夜里更容易失眠。
The effects can be quite clear: someone may look awake after getting up while their attention still feels trapped in a dream, and can even make it harder to fall asleep the following night.
持续chíxùto continue, to last
研究人员在一项实验中对持续数周的记录进行计算和分析，发现这种过渡会让不少人心理一阵慌张，情绪也变得低落，记忆和精神也会被打乱。
Researchers analysed records lasting weeks and found that this transition can leave many people feeling panicked and low in mood, with their memory and energy disrupted.
数shùnum. several
研究人员在一项实验中对持续数周的记录进行计算和分析，发现这种过渡会让不少人心理一阵慌张，情绪也变得低落，记忆和精神也会被打乱。
Researchers analysed records lasting weeks and found that this transition can leave many people feeling panicked and low in mood, with their memory and energy disrupted.
导致dǎozhìto cause, to lead to
这类危害相当明显：醒来以后看似已经下床，注意力却仍像停在梦里，甚至可能导致人到了夜里更容易失眠。
The effects can be quite clear: someone may look awake after getting up while their attention still feels trapped in a dream, and can even make it harder to fall asleep the following night.
失眠shīmiánto suffer from insomnia
这类危害相当明显：醒来以后看似已经下床，注意力却仍像停在梦里，甚至可能导致人到了夜里更容易失眠。
The effects can be quite clear: someone may look awake after getting up while their attention still feels trapped in a dream, and can even make it harder to fall asleep the following night.
精神jīngshénn./adj. spirit, vigor; lively, vigorous
研究人员在一项实验中对持续数周的记录进行计算和分析，发现这种过渡会让不少人心理一阵慌张，情绪也变得低落，记忆和精神也会被打乱。
Researchers analysed records lasting weeks and found that this transition can leave many people feeling panicked and low in mood, with their memory and energy disrupted.
专家zhuānjiāexpert
专家并不是说闹钟必须消失。
Experts do not say alarm clocks must disappear.
采用cǎiyòngto use, to employ
有人采用带光的装置，声音则保持柔和。
Others use a light-based device while keeping the sound gentle.
柔和róuhéadj. gentle, soft
有人采用带光的装置，声音则保持柔和。
Others use a light-based device while keeping the sound gentle.
愿望yuànwàngwish, hope
问题在于传统产品只会按一个固定时间叫响，而每个人入睡的情形和作息习惯并不相同，生活愿望也各有不同。
The issue is that traditional products ring at one fixed time, while each person's sleep state and routine differ.
窗帘chuāngliáncurtain
有些产品将窗帘打开，使室内光线模仿早晨。
Some products open the curtains so indoor light resembles the morning.
市场shìchǎngmarket
市场上已有用舒缓音乐、逐渐变亮的灯或仿照晨光的设备。
Products on the market now use gentle music, gradually brightening lamps, or devices that imitate morning light.
产品chǎnpǐnproduct, produce
闹钟原本是人类为按时起床而设计的产品，现代社会也给它许多用途。
Alarm clocks were originally products that helped people get up on time, and modern society gives them many uses.
模仿mófǎngto imitate, to model on
有些产品将窗帘打开，使室内光线模仿早晨。
Some products open the curtains so indoor light resembles the morning.
避免bìmiǎnto prevent, to avoid
它们试图避免强烈打断，让使用者在较合适的时刻醒来。
They try to avoid a harsh interruption and let users wake at a more suitable moment.
传统chuántǒngtradition; traditional
问题在于传统产品只会按一个固定时间叫响，而每个人入睡的情形和作息习惯并不相同，生活愿望也各有不同。
The issue is that traditional products ring at one fixed time, while each person's sleep state and routine differ.
Listen to the text
闹钟原本是人类为按时起床而设计的产品，现代社会也给它许多用途。不过，铃声突然响起未必总是必要的好事。睡眠并非一片完全安静的黑暗，而是按照生物规律不断变化的过程。
nàozhōng yuán běn shì rénlèi wèi àn shí qǐ chuáng ér shè jì de chǎnpǐn， xiàndài shè huì yě gěi tā xǔ duō yòngtú。 bù guò， líng shēng tū rán xiǎng qǐ wèi bì zǒng shì bìyào de hǎo shì。 shuì mián bìng fēi yī piàn wán quán ān jìng de hēi àn， ér shì àn zhào shēngwù guīlǜ bù duàn biàn huà de guò chéng。
Alarm clocks were originally products that helped people get up on time, and modern society gives them many uses. Yet a bell that rings suddenly is not always a necessary good thing. Sleep is not a completely quiet darkness; it is a process that changes continuously according to biological rhythms.
夜里，呼吸、心跳和脑部活动会进入不同状态。有时人处在很浅的睡眠中，光线一亮就能清醒；有时却正在较深的阶段。若铃声在深睡时把人拉过来，身体的机制可能还没有准备好。
yè lǐ， hūxī、 xīn tiào hé nǎo bù huó dòng huì jìn rù bù tóng zhuàngtài。 yǒu shí rén chù zài hěn qiǎn de shuì mián zhōng， guāngxiàn yī liàng jiù néng qīngxǐng； yǒu shí què zhèng zài jiào shēn de jiē duàn。 ruò líng shēng zài shēn shuì shí bǎ rén lā guò lái， shēn tǐ de jīzhì kě néng hái méi yǒu zhǔn bèi hǎo。
At night, breathing, heart rate, and brain activity enter different states. Sometimes a person is in light sleep and can wake as soon as the light appears; at other times the person is in a deeper stage. If a bell pulls someone out of deep sleep, the body's mechanisms may not yet be ready.
研究人员在一项实验中对持续数周的记录进行计算和分析，发现这种过渡会让不少人心理一阵慌张，情绪也变得低落，记忆和精神也会被打乱。有些人的情绪会低落许久。这类危害相当明显：醒来以后看似已经下床，注意力却仍像停在梦里，甚至可能导致人到了夜里更容易失眠。
yán jiū rén yuán zài yī xiàng shíyàn zhōng duì chíxù shù zhōu de jì lù jìn xíng jìsuàn hé fēn xī， fā xiàn zhè zhǒng guòdù huì ràng bù shǎo rén xīnlǐ yī zhèn huāngzhāng， qíngxù yě biàn dé dīluò， jìyì hé jīngshén yě huì bèi dǎ luàn。 yǒu xiē rén de qíngxù huì dīluò xǔ jiǔ。 zhè lèi wēihài xiāngdāng míng xiǎn： xǐng lái yǐ hòu kàn shì yǐ jīng xià chuáng， zhù yì lì què réng xiàng tíng zài mèng lǐ， shèn zhì kě néng dǎozhì rén dào le yè lǐ gèng róng yì shīmián。
Researchers analysed records lasting weeks and found that this transition can leave many people feeling panicked and low in mood, with their memory and energy disrupted. Some people's low mood lasts a long time. The effects can be quite clear: someone may look awake after getting up while their attention still feels trapped in a dream, and can even make it harder to fall asleep the following night.
专家并不是说闹钟必须消失。对于需要上班、照顾孩子或赶车的人，它仍然很实用。问题在于传统产品只会按一个固定时间叫响，而每个人入睡的情形和作息习惯并不相同，生活愿望也各有不同。如果夜间工作，安排固定铃声也可能有风险。持续疲劳的人应先调整作息，必要时向专业人士咨询，而不是把失眠看成小问题。
zhuānjiā bìng bù shì shuō nàozhōng bì xū xiāo shī。 duì yú xū yào shàng bān、 zhào gù hái zi huò gǎn chē de rén， tā réng rán hěn shí yòng。 wèn tí zài yú chuántǒng chǎnpǐn zhǐ huì àn yī gè gù dìng shí jiān jiào xiǎng， ér měi gè rén rù shuì de qíng xíng hé zuò xī xí guàn bìng bù xiāng tóng， shēng huó yuànwàng yě gè yǒu bù tóng。 rú guǒ yè jiān gōng zuò， ān pái gù dìng líng shēng yě kě néng yǒu fēng xiǎn。 chíxù pí láo de rén yīng xiān diào zhěng zuò xī， bìyào shí xiàng zhuān yè rén shì zī xún， ér bù shì bǎ shīmián kàn chéng xiǎo wèn tí。
Experts do not say alarm clocks must disappear. They remain useful for people who need to work, care for children, or catch transport. The issue is that traditional products ring at one fixed time, while each person's sleep state and routine differ. For people who work at night, setting a fixed alarm may also carry risks. People with persistent fatigue should first adjust their routines and, when needed, consult a professional rather than treating insomnia as a small problem.
市场上已有用舒缓音乐、逐渐变亮的灯或仿照晨光的设备。有些产品将窗帘打开，使室内光线模仿早晨。有人采用带光的装置，声音则保持柔和。它们试图避免强烈打断，让使用者在较合适的时刻醒来。人们享受慢慢醒来的过程，所需的时间因人而异；选择什么方式，可以根据自己的规律，而不是把每一次铃声都当成命令。
shìchǎng shàng yǐ yǒu yòng shū huǎn yīn lè、 zhú jiàn biàn liàng de dēng huò fǎng zhào chén guāng de shè bèi。 yǒu xiē chǎnpǐn jiāng chuānglián dǎ kāi， shǐ shì nèi guāngxiàn mófǎng zǎo chén。 yǒu rén cǎiyòng dài guāng de zhuāng zhì， shēng yīn zé bǎo chí róuhé。 tā men shì tú bìmiǎn qiáng liè dǎ duàn， ràng shǐ yòng zhě zài jiào hé shì de shí kè xǐng lái。 rén men xiǎngshòu màn màn xǐng lái de guò chéng， suǒ xū de shí jiān yīn rén ér yì； xuǎn zé shén me fāng shì， kě yǐ gēn jù zì jǐ de guīlǜ， ér bù shì bǎ měi yī cì líng shēng dōu dāng chéng mìng lìng。
Products on the market now use gentle music, gradually brightening lamps, or devices that imitate morning light. Some products open the curtains so indoor light resembles the morning. Others use a light-based device while keeping the sound gentle. They try to avoid a harsh interruption and let users wake at a more suitable moment. People enjoy waking gradually, though the time needed differs from person to person; the method can follow one's own rhythm instead of treating every ring as an order.
Tap a marked word for its meaning. Tap a line to see the English.
Grammar
若铃声在深睡时把人拉过来，身体的机制可能还没有准备好。If a bell pulls someone out of deep sleep, the body's mechanisms may not yet be ready.
Verb +过来
过来. '过来' used after a verb indicates transitioning or returning to a normal or expected state.
人逐渐从熟睡过渡到浅睡，直到醒来。
Rén zhújiàn cóng shúshuì guòdù dào qiǎn shuì, zhídào xǐnglái.
People gradually transition from deep sleep to light sleep until they wake up.
人们享受慢慢醒来的过程，所需的时间因人而异；选择什么方式，可以根据自己的规律，而不是把每一次铃声都当成命令。People enjoy waking gradually, though the time needed differs from person to person; the method can follow one's own rhythm instead of treating every ring as an order.
所+ Verb +的
所. '所' is a particle used before a verb to form a noun phrase meaning 'what is (verb-ed)'. It often pairs with '的' to create the pattern '所...的'.
山水画所表现的是人与自然的关系。
Shānshuǐhuà suǒ biǎoxiàn de shì rén yǔ zìrán de guānxì.
What landscape paintings express is the relationship between humans and nature.
这类危害相当明显：醒来以后看似已经下床，注意力却仍像停在梦里，甚至可能导致人到了夜里更容易失眠。The effects can be quite clear: someone may look awake after getting up while their attention still feels trapped in a dream, and can even make it harder to fall asleep the following night.
相当+ Adjective OR与...相当
相当. '相当' as a verb means 'to be equivalent to'. As an adverb, it means 'quite' or 'fairly'.
这些能力最多为正常状态的65%与醉酒者相当。
Zhèxiē nénglì zuìduō wéi zhèngcháng zhuàngtài de 65% yǔ zuìjiǔzhě xiāngdāng.
These abilities at most reach 65% of normal capacity, equivalent to being drunk.
研究人员在一项实验中对持续数周的记录进行计算和分析，发现这种过渡会让不少人心理一阵慌张，情绪也变得低落，记忆和精神也会被打乱。Researchers analysed records lasting weeks and found that this transition can leave many people feeling panicked and low in mood, with their memory and energy disrupted.
数+ Measure Word + Noun
数. '数' as a number means 'several'. It's used to indicate an indefinite but small number.
我大概数了一下，车上有32个学生。
Wǒ dàgài shǔle yíxià, chē shàng yǒu 32 ge xuéshēng.
I roughly counted - there are 32 students on the bus.
Which word means “v./n. to make an experiment”?
Culture
如何提高睡眠质量 - How to Improve Sleep Quality
Sleep is important in both traditional Chinese ideas about health and modern health research. A steady routine, suitable light, and a quiet environment can help the body rest at its own rhythm. Looking less at bright screens before bed and avoiding strong tea or coffee too late can also reduce needless disturbance. The amount of sleep each person needs is not exactly the same, and people with long term tiredness or insomnia should seriously adjust their routines and seek professional help when necessary. The passage reminds us that the way we wake people should also respect sleep stages rather than rely only on a suddenly ringing alarm.
Write the new characters
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类 from 人类 · humankind
Trace the strokes in order
Practice
8 questions · about 4 minutes
Pick the meaningListenFill the gapMatchWord order
Finish
Finish the practice to complete this lesson.