阅读与思考
Reading and Thinking
StartReading
An article discussing critical thinking in education and reading comprehension.
33 new words
过分guòfènexcessive, excessively
读作文或童话时，我们常被过分简单的观点吸引：王子属于王宫，灰姑娘只要找到水晶鞋，就会拥有完美人生。
When reading an essay or a fairy tale, we are often drawn to overly simple views: a prince belongs in a palace, and Cinderella will have a perfect life once she finds a glass shoe.
强调qiángdiàoto emphasize
这种写法强调善恶分明，却未必全面或客观。
This style stresses a clear divide between good and evil, but may not be complete or objective.
作文zuòwénessay, composition
读作文或童话时，我们常被过分简单的观点吸引：王子属于王宫，灰姑娘只要找到水晶鞋，就会拥有完美人生。
When reading an essay or a fairy tale, we are often drawn to overly simple views: a prince belongs in a palace, and Cinderella will have a perfect life once she finds a glass shoe.
观点guāndiǎnidea, opinion
读作文或童话时，我们常被过分简单的观点吸引：王子属于王宫，灰姑娘只要找到水晶鞋，就会拥有完美人生。
When reading an essay or a fairy tale, we are often drawn to overly simple views: a prince belongs in a palace, and Cinderella will have a perfect life once she finds a glass shoe.
客观kèguānobjective
这种写法强调善恶分明，却未必全面或客观。
This style stresses a clear divide between good and evil, but may not be complete or objective.
全面quánmiànall-round, comprehensive
这种写法强调善恶分明，却未必全面或客观。
This style stresses a clear divide between good and evil, but may not be complete or objective.
转变zhuǎnbiànto change, to transform
自从人们开始讨论人性，观念已经转变。
Since people began discussing human nature, views have changed.
观念guānniànmentality, concept
自从人们开始讨论人性，观念已经转变。
Since people began discussing human nature, views have changed.
火柴huǒcháimatch (for producing a flame)
火柴变成灰，并不能说明火柴摊边的孩子不值得疼爱；一个人表现得自私，也可能是因为害怕、缺少帮助或受到误解；人在孤立无援时，难免会这样，这些也都是值得追问的理由。
灰huīgrey; dust
读作文或童话时，我们常被过分简单的观点吸引：王子属于王宫，灰姑娘只要找到水晶鞋，就会拥有完美人生。
When reading an essay or a fairy tale, we are often drawn to overly simple views: a prince belongs in a palace, and Cinderella will have a perfect life once she finds a glass shoe.
一旦yídànonce, when
一旦把人物固定成好人或坏人，读者便容易忽视他们为什么作出选择。
王宫wánggōngroyal palace
读作文或童话时，我们常被过分简单的观点吸引：王子属于王宫，灰姑娘只要找到水晶鞋，就会拥有完美人生。
When reading an essay or a fairy tale, we are often drawn to overly simple views: a prince belongs in a palace, and Cinderella will have a perfect life once she finds a glass shoe.
王子wángzǐprince
读作文或童话时，我们常被过分简单的观点吸引：王子属于王宫，灰姑娘只要找到水晶鞋，就会拥有完美人生。
When reading an essay or a fairy tale, we are often drawn to overly simple views: a prince belongs in a palace, and Cinderella will have a perfect life once she finds a glass shoe.
属于shǔyúto belong to
读作文或童话时，我们常被过分简单的观点吸引：王子属于王宫，灰姑娘只要找到水晶鞋，就会拥有完美人生。
When reading an essay or a fairy tale, we are often drawn to overly simple views: a prince belongs in a palace, and Cinderella will have a perfect life once she finds a glass shoe.
对待duìdàito treat, to have an attitude towards
人总有先入为主的倾向；学会从不同角度对待人物和事件，我们既能保留同情，也能形成独立判断。
People always tend to form first impressions; by learning to treat people and events from different angles, we can preserve sympathy and form our own view.
交换jiāohuànto exchange, to interchange
我们可以承认道德很重要，同时也要看见交换、利益和环境怎样影响行为。
We can admit that morality matters while also seeing how exchange, interest, and environment affect conduct.
拥有yōngyǒuto have, to possess
读作文或童话时，我们常被过分简单的观点吸引：王子属于王宫，灰姑娘只要找到水晶鞋，就会拥有完美人生。
When reading an essay or a fairy tale, we are often drawn to overly simple views: a prince belongs in a palace, and Cinderella will have a perfect life once she finds a glass shoe.
巨大jùdàhuge, tremendous
巨大的困难不会自动使人高尚，也不会必然把人变坏。
Great difficulty does not automatically make someone noble, nor does it inevitably make someone bad.
承认chéngrènto admit, to acknowledge
我们可以承认道德很重要，同时也要看见交换、利益和环境怎样影响行为。
We can admit that morality matters while also seeing how exchange, interest, and environment affect conduct.
人性rénxìnghuman nature
自从人们开始讨论人性，观念已经转变。
Since people began discussing human nature, views have changed.
完美wánměiperfect, flawless
读作文或童话时，我们常被过分简单的观点吸引：王子属于王宫，灰姑娘只要找到水晶鞋，就会拥有完美人生。
When reading an essay or a fairy tale, we are often drawn to overly simple views: a prince belongs in a palace, and Cinderella will have a perfect life once she finds a glass shoe.
难免nánmiǎnhard to avoid
火柴变成灰，并不能说明火柴摊边的孩子不值得疼爱；一个人表现得自私，也可能是因为害怕、缺少帮助或受到误解；人在孤立无援时，难免会这样，这些也都是值得追问的理由。
疼爱téng'àito love dearly
火柴变成灰，并不能说明火柴摊边的孩子不值得疼爱；一个人表现得自私，也可能是因为害怕、缺少帮助或受到误解；人在孤立无援时，难免会这样，这些也都是值得追问的理由。
自私zìsīselfish
火柴变成灰，并不能说明火柴摊边的孩子不值得疼爱；一个人表现得自私，也可能是因为害怕、缺少帮助或受到误解；人在孤立无援时，难免会这样，这些也都是值得追问的理由。
倾向qīngxiàngtendency, inclination
人总有先入为主的倾向；学会从不同角度对待人物和事件，我们既能保留同情，也能形成独立判断。
People always tend to form first impressions; by learning to treat people and events from different angles, we can preserve sympathy and form our own view.
理由lǐyóureason, ground
火柴变成灰，并不能说明火柴摊边的孩子不值得疼爱；一个人表现得自私，也可能是因为害怕、缺少帮助或受到误解；人在孤立无援时，难免会这样，这些也都是值得追问的理由。
道德dàodémorality, ethics
我们可以承认道德很重要，同时也要看见交换、利益和环境怎样影响行为。
We can admit that morality matters while also seeing how exchange, interest, and environment affect conduct.
自从zìcóngsince, ever since
自从人们开始讨论人性，观念已经转变。
Since people began discussing human nature, views have changed.
童话tónghuàfairy tale
读作文或童话时，我们常被过分简单的观点吸引：王子属于王宫，灰姑娘只要找到水晶鞋，就会拥有完美人生。
When reading an essay or a fairy tale, we are often drawn to overly simple views: a prince belongs in a palace, and Cinderella will have a perfect life once she finds a glass shoe.
价值jiàzhívalue
这样阅读，童话的价值反而会更丰富。
单纯dānchúnsimple, mere
单纯的结论有时令人安心，但复杂的问题需要耐心，单凭知觉很难形成判断。
Simple conclusions can sometimes feel reassuring, but complex questions need patience, and perception alone makes it hard to form a judgment.
主张zhǔzhāngview, stand; to hold (a view)
这不是主张放弃判断，而是希望判断更清楚。
知觉zhījuésense, perception
单纯的结论有时令人安心，但复杂的问题需要耐心，单凭知觉很难形成判断。
Simple conclusions can sometimes feel reassuring, but complex questions need patience, and perception alone makes it hard to form a judgment.
Listen to the text
读作文或童话时，我们常被过分简单的观点吸引：王子属于王宫，灰姑娘只要找到水晶鞋，就会拥有完美人生。这种写法强调善恶分明，却未必全面或客观。
dú zuòwén huò tónghuà shí， wǒ men cháng bèi guòfèn jiǎn dān de guāndiǎn xī yǐn： wángzǐ shǔyú wánggōng， huī gū niáng zhǐ yào zhǎo dào shuǐ jīng xié， jiù huì yōngyǒu wánměi rén shēng。 zhè zhǒng xiě fǎ qiángdiào shàn è fēn míng， què wèi bì quánmiàn huò kèguān。
When reading an essay or a fairy tale, we are often drawn to overly simple views: a prince belongs in a palace, and Cinderella will have a perfect life once she finds a glass shoe. This style stresses a clear divide between good and evil, but may not be complete or objective.
一旦把人物固定成好人或坏人，读者便容易忽视他们为什么作出选择。火柴变成灰，并不能说明火柴摊边的孩子不值得疼爱；一个人表现得自私，也可能是因为害怕、缺少帮助或受到误解；人在孤立无援时，难免会这样，这些也都是值得追问的理由。
yídàn bǎ rén wù gù dìng chéng hǎo rén huò huài rén， dú zhě biàn róng yì hū shì tā men wèi shén me zuò chū xuǎn zé。 huǒchái biàn chéng huī， bìng bù néng shuō míng huǒchái tān biān de hái zi bù zhí dé téng'ài； yī gè rén biǎo xiàn dé zìsī， yě kě néng shì yīn wèi hài pà、 quē shǎo bāng zhù huò shòu dào wù jiě； rén zài gū lì wú yuán shí， nánmiǎn huì zhè yàng， zhè xiē yě dōu shì zhí dé zhuī wèn de lǐyóu。
Once we fix characters as good or bad, readers easily overlook why they made choices. A match turning to ash does not mean that the child beside the match stall is undeserving of love. When someone acts selfishly, it may be because of fear, lack of help, or misunderstanding; when people are isolated and helpless, they can hardly avoid such a reaction, and these too are reasons worth examining.
自从人们开始讨论人性，观念已经转变。我们可以承认道德很重要，同时也要看见交换、利益和环境怎样影响行为。巨大的困难不会自动使人高尚，也不会必然把人变坏。
zìcóng rén men kāi shǐ tǎo lùn rénxìng， guānniàn yǐ jīng zhuǎnbiàn。 wǒ men kě yǐ chéngrèn dàodé hěn zhòng yào， tóng shí yě yào kàn jiàn jiāohuàn、 lì yì hé huán jìng zěn yàng yǐng xiǎng xíng wèi。 jùdà de kùn nán bù huì zì dòng shǐ rén gāo shàng， yě bù huì bì rán bǎ rén biàn huài。
Since people began discussing human nature, views have changed. We can admit that morality matters while also seeing how exchange, interest, and environment affect conduct. Great difficulty does not automatically make someone noble, nor does it inevitably make someone bad.
这不是主张放弃判断，而是希望判断更清楚。面对故事中的人物，不妨问一问：作者提供了哪些证据？哪些部分只是读者的想象？这样阅读，童话的价值反而会更丰富。
zhè bù shì zhǔzhāng fàng qì pàn duàn， ér shì xī wàng pàn duàn gèng qīng chǔ。 miàn duì gù shì zhōng de rén wù， bù fáng wèn yī wèn： zuò zhě tí gōng le nǎ xiē zhèng jù？ nǎ xiē bù fēn zhǐ shì dú zhě de xiǎng xiàng？ zhè yàng yuè dú， tónghuà de jiàzhí fǎn ér huì gèng fēng fù。
This is not an argument for abandoning judgment, but for making it clearer. When facing a figure in a story, we might ask: what evidence does the author provide, and which parts are merely the reader's imagination? Read this way, the value of fairy tales becomes richer.
单纯的结论有时令人安心，但复杂的问题需要耐心，单凭知觉很难形成判断。人总有先入为主的倾向；学会从不同角度对待人物和事件，我们既能保留同情，也能形成独立判断。
dānchún de jié lùn yǒu shí lìng rén ān xīn， dàn fù zá de wèn tí xū yào nài xīn， dān píng zhījué hěn nán xíng chéng pàn duàn。 rén zǒng yǒu xiān rù wèi zhǔ de qīngxiàng； xué huì cóng bù tóng jiǎo dù duìdài rén wù hé shì jiàn， wǒ men jì néng bǎo liú tóng qíng， yě néng xíng chéng dú lì pàn duàn。
Simple conclusions can sometimes feel reassuring, but complex questions need patience, and perception alone makes it hard to form a judgment. People always tend to form first impressions; by learning to treat people and events from different angles, we can preserve sympathy and form our own view.
Tap a marked word for its meaning. Tap a line to see the English.
Grammar
一旦把人物固定成好人或坏人，读者便容易忽视他们为什么作出选择。
一旦+ Condition,就+ Result
一旦. Once, when (expressing a condition that triggers a result)
一旦你明白了这个道理，就会觉得轻松了。
Yídàn nǐ míngbái le zhège dàolǐ, jiù huì juéde qīngsōng le.
Once you understand this principle, you'll feel relaxed.
火柴变成灰，并不能说明火柴摊边的孩子不值得疼爱；一个人表现得自私，也可能是因为害怕、缺少帮助或受到误解；人在孤立无援时，难免会这样，这些也都是值得追问的理由。
难免+ Verb/Adjective
难免. Hard to avoid, inevitable
作为一个母亲，难免会更疼爱自己亲生的女儿。
Zuòwéi yí gè mǔqīn, nánmiǎn huì gèng téng'ài zìjǐ qīnshēng de nǚ'ér.
As a mother, she inevitably loves her biological daughter more.
自从人们开始讨论人性，观念已经转变。Since people began discussing human nature, views have changed.
自从+ Time/Event +以后
自从. Since, ever since (indicating a starting point in time)
自从我来到中国以后，我的观念转变了。
Zìcóng wǒ lái dào Zhōngguó yǐhòu, wǒ de guānniàn zhuǎnbiàn le.
Since I came to China, my mindset has changed.
Which word means “to treat, to have an attitude towards”?
Culture
灰姑娘 - Cinderella in World Culture
The Cinderella story has different versions in many countries. It tells of a person treated unfairly who gains a new opportunity. The story attracts readers not only because of the splendid ball, but also because people hope that kindness and courage can be seen. When such stories are retold today, more attention can be given to the main character's choices and abilities. In this way, fairy tales keep their imagination while encouraging people not to give up in difficulty.
Write the new characters
0 of 7 written
柴 from 火柴 · match (for producing a flame)
Practice
8 questions · about 4 minutes
Pick the meaningListenFill the gapMatchWord order
Finish
Finish the practice to complete this lesson.